INTRODUCTION
Mathematics is a
subject that is considered part of students as subjects that are difficult to
learn. Moreover, by students who are working right brain is more dominant in
their daily activities. With this assumption, then the mathematics would be an
obstacle in the learning process for most students. Mathematics subjects are
not much liked by the students at the school. Most of the students in the
school should feel afraid of the mathematic subjects. Therefore, the effort
required teachers to be able to make the subjects of mathematics into subjects
that are not scary but it is a subject of interest by students at the school.
Mathematics is a
lesson that consists of the material count operations like addition,
subtraction, multiplication, and division. Mathematics is considered as a hard
lesson for students. However, this difficulty can be overcome with a lot of
practice at home, with tutoring, and can’t be separated from a parent’s
attention.
CONTENT
To develop
innovative teaching learning process, it takes several steps, among others:
A.
Preparation
Preparation
step include several things, such as:
1. Curriculum
According to Marsigit, we perceive that
curriculum development needs a comprehensive and in-depth study of all the
aspects involved, there are at least six principles as a guide:
a.
The chance to learn mathematics for all
b.
Curriculum is not just a collection of
subject matters but it should reflect mathematical activities coherently
c.
Teaching learning of mathematics need a
comprehensive theory of students activities, their readiness to learn and
teacher role of facilitating their learn
d.
The chance to the learner to develop
their mathematical concepts
e.
The needs to develop assessment imbedded
to teaching learning processes
f.
Employing many kinds of teaching
learning sources
Curriculum includes:
a. Standard
competencies
b. Basic
competencies
c. Objectives
d. Indicator
2. Approach
/ Design
Design of learning includes:
a. Contextual
learning
Is reality-based, outside-of-the-classroom
experience, within a specific context which serves as a catalyst for students
to utilize their disciplinary knowledge, and which presents a forum for further
formation of their personal values, faith, and professional development.
b. Constructivist
Is the theory that humans generate
knowledge and meaning from an interaction between their experiences and their
ideas. The Constructivist learning process is experiential learning through
real life experience to construct and conditionalize knowledge.
c. Realistic
mathematics
Is a teaching and learning theory in mathematics education
that characterized by: the use of
contexts,
the use of
models, the use of students’
own productions and constructions,
the interactive character of the teaching process, the intertwinement of
various learning strands.
d. Problem
based learning
Is a student-centered pedagogy in
which students learn about a subject in the context of complex, multifaceted,
and realistic problems.
e. Cooperative
learning
Is an approach to organizing
classroom activities into academic and social learning experiences.
3. Method
Method of learning includes:
a. Discussion
Is a method in which teachers act
as mentors, helpers, appraisers, or discussion leader. In the discussion the
students are required to always be actively participating. Students are trained
to think critically, be ready with the right to express opinions, to think
objectively, and respect others opinions.
b. Inquiry
Is a method that centered on the
students. With the inquiry method, students can acquire knowledge that is not
yet know through direct notification by teachers, but students find themselves
partially or completely the new knowledge.
c. Practical
work
Is a method in which students are
required to do a lot of exercises to memorize and exercises practice. Exercise
memorization is an activity that generally emphasizes mathematics fact.
Exercise practice is an exercise of considering a number of steps in an
activity to arrive at a correct answer.
d. Small
group discussion
According to Marsigit, the
group discussion is based on principles of promoting children’s growth and
development through play activities which encourage children to explore,
experiment, question, and talk. Teacher’s efforts to facilitate their students
to find various patterns of numbers can be seen as consistent with extending
the students’ experiences and encouraging social interaction between children.
The small group discussion may be thought of as constituting a set of
culturally organized activities provided by the teacher who tried to encourage
children to communicate their concepts to the others.
4. Teaching
Materials
Teaching materials includes:
a. Lesson
plan
Lesson plan is a step that carried out the teacher
where the teacher makes the planning process learning activities in the
classroom. The purpose with the lesson plan is expected to be better prepared
teachers in teaching, teachers have a reference in learning activities that
will be implemented, teachers also can develop lesson plan that engage students
so that students not only became a listener only, and thus students will have a
role as well as being more actively in learning activities.
b. Students’
worksheet
Student’s worksheet is one means to
help and facilitate in the teaching and learning activities that will form an effective
interaction between students and teachers, and can increase student’s activity
in improving learning achievement. Student’s worksheet is one type of learning
tool for students because the student’s worksheet will help the students to add
information about the topic being studied and can increase student’s skill in
independent learning.
c. Hand
Out
Hand out is the learning resources
which are usually arranged by a teacher the subjects.
d. Text
Book
According to Marsigit, teachers’
competencies of developing textbooks, such as:
1)
Motivation
2)
Theory
3)
Attitude
4)
Practice
5)
Individual
experiences
6)
Community
experiences
7)
Systemic
experiences
Novice taechers’ perception on good
textbook for mathematics, such as:
1)
The
textbook should be systematic
2)
The
textbook should be completed by exercise
3)
The
textbook should be understandable, meaningful, and consist of good example
4)
The
textbook should be innovative
5)
The
textbook should facilitate students’ activities
6)
The
textbook should be based on curriculum
7)
The
textbook should contain good problem solving
e. Teaching
Aids
Teaching aids is all object and
activities which mediates the occurrence of a learning activity.
B.
Implementation
Teaching learning process includes:
1. Apperception
Apperception
is the readiness of teachers and students to undergo mathematics learning
activities.
2. Small
group discussion
Small
group discussion is a group that consists of 3 until 4 students where every
student is expected to have their respective roles in the group.
3. Various
method
Teaching
method is a way of learning that is used to delivering a material or topic.
4. Various
media
Various
media is all object and activities which mediates the occurrence of a learning
activity.
5. Various
interaction
Interaction
is a mutual relationship between two people or more, and every people involved
in an active role. Interactions in learning of mathematics involve the
interaction between teachers and students and between students with other
students.
6. Lesson
plan
Lesson
plan is a step that carried out the teacher where the teacher makes the
planning process learning activities in the classroom.
7. Student’s
worksheet
Student’s
worksheet is one means to help and facilitate in the teaching and learning
activities that will form an effective interaction between students and
teachers, and can increase student’s activity in improving learning
achievement.
8. Student’s
reflection
Student’s
reflections or presentation is student’s ability for present ideas or opinions
in front of the classroom or in front of other person.
9. Cognitive
scheme
The
scheme for achieving student’s competencies is an attempt to increase the
result of learning maximum. Teachers can provide a handle learning as learning
modules that can be used by students to do a lot of exercise. Book module is
used as a reference book to run a system of learning mathematics in school.
10. Conclusion
by the students
Is
how one student summed up the learning results that have been undertaken on a
certain day.
11. Assessment
Assessment
is the process of collecting and processing information to determine student
achievement.
C.
Reflection
1. Teacher’s
reflection
Is
the ability of teachers to reflect on the learning results that have been
implemented.
2. Observer’s
reflection
Is
the ability of an observer to express an opinion based on learning thet he/she
had observed.
3. Summaries
A summary of the learning that has
been implemented.
CONCLUSION
To create the
innovative teaching learning mathematics, it is necessary to teaching methods
and teaching materials are varied to avoid monotony of learning to use only one
method of learning and one teaching materials.
REFERENCES
Marsigit,
Shisumi. “Stimulating Primary
Mathematics Group-Discussion”. [Online]. Tersedia: http://staff.uny.ac.id. [3 Maret 2012].
π.d2
≈ 3,14
